Hypercube Innovation: An Analysis of Web-based commerce, M-commerce, and U-commerce

The E-commerce innovating applications have moved from Web-based commerce, Mcommerce to U-commerce. This study systematically examines these innovative changes based on the dimensions of core technological component and business model, then analyze their impact on the stakeholders of E-commerce: e-businesses, customers, and complementary providers. The results indicate that M-commerce innovation is a modular, architectural to customers and businesses, but radical to complementary providers. The Ucommerce innovation is a radical, architectural to complementary providers, modular to customers, but radical to businesses. The findings not only provide greater insight for the Ecommerce stakeholders to understand each type of commerce but also help them adapt from one type of commerce to another.